10:1 This is the account of Shem, Ham and Japheth, Noah’s sons, who themselves had sons after the flood.
10:2 The sons [Sons may mean descendants or successors or nations also in verses 3, 4, 6, 7, 20-23, 29 and 31.] of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech and Tiras.
10:3 The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath and Togarmah.
10:4 The sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittim and the Rodanim. [Some manuscripts of the Masoretic Text and Samaritan Pentateuch (see also Septuagint and 1 Chron. 1:7) most manuscripts of the Masoretic Text Dodanim]
10:5 (From these the maritime peoples spread out into their territories by their clans within their nations, each with its own language.)
10:6 The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, [That is, Egypt also in verse 13] Put and Canaan.
10:7 The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah and Sabteca. The sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.
10:8 Cush was the father [Father may mean ancestor or predecessor or founder also in verses 13, 15, 24 and 26.] of Nimrod, who grew to be a mighty warrior on the earth.
10:9 He was a mighty hunter before the LORD that is why it is said, Like Nimrod, a mighty hunter before the LORD.
10:10 The first centres of his kingdom were Babylon, Erech, Akkad and Calneh, in [Or Erech and Akkad all of them in] Shinar. [That is, Babylonia]
10:11 From that land he went to Assyria, where he built Nineveh, Rehoboth Ir, [Or Nineveh with its city squares] Calah
10:12 and Resen, which is between Nineveh and Calah that is the great city.
10:13 Mizraim was the father of the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites,
10:14 Pathrusites, Casluhites (from whom the Philistines came) and Caphtorites.
10:15 Canaan was the father of Sidon his firstborn, [Or of the Sidonians, the foremost] and of the Hittites,
10:16 Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites,
10:17 Hivites, Arkites, Sinites,
10:18 Arvadites, Zemarites and Hamathites. Later the Canaanite clans scattered
10:19 and the borders of Canaan reached from Sidon towards Gerar as far as Gaza, and then towards Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, as far as Lasha.
10:20 These are the sons of Ham by their clans and languages, in their territories and nations.
10:21 Sons were also born to Shem, whose older brother was [Or Shem, the older brother of] Japheth Shem was the ancestor of all the sons of Eber.
10:22 The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud and Aram.
10:23 The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether and Meshech. [See Septuagint and 1 Chron. 1:17 Hebrew Mash.]
10:24 Arphaxad was the father of [Hebrew Septuagint father of Cainan, and Cainan was the father of] Shelah, and Shelah the father of Eber.
10:25 Two sons were born to Eber: One was named Peleg, [Peleg means division.] because in his time the earth was divided his brother was named Joktan.
10:26 Joktan was the father of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah,
10:27 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,
10:28 Obal, Abimael, Sheba,
10:29 Ophir, Havilah and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan.
10:30 The region where they lived stretched from Mesha towards Sephar, in the eastern hill country.
10:31 These are the sons of Shem by their clans and languages, in their territories and nations.
10:32 These are the clans of Noah’s sons, according to their lines of descent, within their nations. From these the nations spread out over the earth after the flood.